Is it a cold or the flu? How to tell the difference (and what to do next)

Do you have the common cold? Or influenza? While they share some symptoms, they’re not the same.

It starts with a sneeze. But it’s just a sneeze, right? Then you start coughing and get a headache. Oh no! You’re sick. Now you’re knee deep in tissues, trying to treat it with a pharmacy’s worth of medicine, but you should be asking yourself ‘Is it a cold or the flu?’

Yes, there’s a difference. The common cold and the flu share lots of similarities but they’re caused by different viruses, and they can have vastly different effects on your health. Knowing the difference means you can get adequate care and hopefully recover faster.

Here are some tips on to spot the difference between a cold and the flu, attend to either of them, and when to see a doctor.

The basics: Cold vs. Flu

Both colds and the flu are both contagious respiratory illnesses, but they’re caused by different viruses. Colds are usually caused by rhinoviruses, while the flu is caused by influenza viruses, according to Heel.

They share many symptoms, but usually cold symptoms are milder than flu symptoms. Here’s a side-by-side comparison:

Sure, we know being sick isn’t great, but colds are usually quite mild and resolve on their own. Flu, on the other hand, can lead to complications with other illness like pneumonia that lead to death, especially in the very young, elderly, or those who are immuno-compromised. As reported by Spotlight, an estimated 11 000 South African deaths per year are caused by the flu virus, with nearly 40 000 South Africans hospitalised because of it. That’s why it’s important to know what you’re dealing with - and when to seek medical attention.

How to treat it if you think it’s a cold

Colds are annoying but rarely dangerous. You’re probably going to be sick for a week or so, but here’s how to manage your symptoms and feel better faster:

· Rest up: Your body needs energy to fight off the virus.

· Stay hydrated: Water, herbal teas, and broths can help thin mucus and keep you hydrated.

· Soothe symptoms: Over-the-counter remedies like decongestants, cough syrups, and throat lozenges can provide relief.

· Try a humidifier: Adding moisture to the air can ease congestion and coughing.

· Wash your hands: Prevent spreading the virus to others by practicing good hygiene

Most colds clear up within 7-10 days. If symptoms persist or worsen, it could be a sign of a secondary infection, like a sinus infection, and you should consult a healthcare provider.

How to treat it if you think it’s the flu

The flu can hit hard and fast, but early action can make a big difference. Here’s what to do:

· Rest and hydrate: Just like with a cold, your body needs plenty of rest and fluids to recover.

· Manage symptoms: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce fever and ease body aches.

· Stay home: The flu is highly contagious, so avoid contact with others until you’ve been fever-free for at least 24 hours (without the use of fever-reducing medications).

If you’re in a high-risk group or experience severe symptoms like difficulty breathing, chest pain, or persistent dizziness, seek medical attention immediately.

Prevention Is the best medicine

The best way to avoid the confusion (and misery) of colds and flu is to prevent them in the first place. Here’s how:

· Get your flu shot: The flu vaccine is your best defence against influenza. It should ideally be taken before flu season starts but it is never too late to vaccinate according to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases.

· Wash your hands: Regular handwashing with soap and water is one of the most effective ways to stop the spread of germs.

· Boost your immune system: Eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and get enough sleep to keep your body in fighting shape.

· Avoid close contact: Steer clear of people who are sick, and if you’re feeling under the weather, do everyone a favour and stay home.

Colds and flu may share some symptoms, but they’re not the same and knowing the difference can help you take the right steps to feel better. Whether it’s a cold or the flu, remember to listen to your body, give it the care it needs, and don’t hesitate to seek medical advice if something doesn’t feel right.

So, the next time you feel a sneeze coming on, you’ll be ready to tackle it head-on. Here’s to staying healthy, informed, and one step ahead of sniffle season!

This post was produced by Brand Story for News24.